After the outbreak of the Sino-Japanese War， the Nationalist Government， in preparation for a long-term war of resistance， implemented the controlled economy practice on the cement industry to ensure the needs of military and civilian being met. The Cement Management Committee was set up， as the core organization to control the Sichuan Cement Company， by the Industrial and Mining Adjustment Office of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the National Government. During wartime， nearly ten cement enterprises was under the economic control， among which Sichuan Cement Company was the most typical and representative.The committee achieved a comprehensive control over the cement in the rear areas by issuing permits and setting sales prices. On the one hand， the implementation of cement control system played a great role in ensuring the supply of military materials during the war and made a great contribution to the victory of the Anti-Japanese War， on the other hand， it is also undeniable that under the strict economic control， Sichuan Cement Company lost its autonomy in pricing and free management， which led to a decline in operational efficiency and various negative impacts on the company’s development.