The selection and deployment of college student village officials is a crucial policy that significantly impacts grassroots governance. However， due to limited empirical data， there is currently no academic consensus on the overall effectiveness and influencing factors of this policy at the grassroots level. This study utilizes data from China's comprehensive grassroots governance survey to conduct an objective quantitative analysis of the nationwide situation regarding the selection and deployment of college student village officials. The research findings reveal that the policy of selecting and deploying college student village officials has a profound impact， effectively enriching talent resources for grassroots governance. Nevertheless， significant variations exist in terms of both quantity and stability of college student village officials across different villages/communities， which are closely associated with the provincial governments’resource levels as well as the collective economies of the community. In comparison， while national policies primarily influence the quantity of college student village officials in different regions， their stability is more closely linked to local economies. This indicates that the effectiveness of the policy is influenced by both policy intensity and local economy， but the dimensions of their impact differ. Research on grassroots governance necessitates empirical accumulation of specific data； therefore， the findings of this study provide valuable insights for understanding the effectiveness of policy implementation and enhancing capabilities for grassroots governance.